VNB

Sách Việt Nam ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼ Slightly negative

Working capital is tied up too long in the operating cycle Working capital 204 days
Price
14,300
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 11.73x
P/B 0.81x
EPS 1,219
BVPS 17,757
ROE 7.1%
ROA 6.9%
Profit Margin 299.6%
Asset Turnover 0.02x
Equity Mult. 1.02x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VNB has not accelerated revenue, but profitability is improving more visibly — profit is at an all-time high. More notably, profit relies heavily on non-core sources while operating cash flow is negative — these two factors together suggest earnings quality needs cautious evaluation.

TTM REVENUE
VND 28bn
−10.6%YoY
NET MARGIN
299.59%
+48.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 83bn
+6.8%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
121.0%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 4.3 9.1 6.8 7.5 6.4 8.6 8.4 7.4 7.3 9.0 8.4 8.9
Growth -53% +33% -9% +16% -25% +2% +13% +2% -19% +8% -6%
Net Income 20.5 18.7 22.3 21.3 20.7 20.2 19.9 16.6 18.4 18.2 17.9 16.2
Net Margin 478.57% 205.99% 327.74% 284.90% 321.57% 235.95% 236.34% 223.15% 251.64% 201.48% 214.39% 182.94%

Drivers of VNB's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher financial income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Financial income ↑ 13.3bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 6.1bn
Tax ↑ 1.4bn
Gross profit ↓ 0.6bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Financial income ↑ 1.6bn
Tax ↓ 0.0bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 1.5bn
Gross profit ↓ 0.3bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 7.1% = 250.8% × 0.03 × 1.03
2026Q1 7.1% = 299.6% × 0.02 × 1.02

ROE is broadly flat at 7.1% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 299.6% +48.8pp Asset turnover: 0.02x -0.00x Leverage: 1.02x -0.01x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 299.59%, rising 48.8pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 2.7pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 32.3pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 90.9pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.1pp).

Most of the margin increase comes from non-core items — core operations have not kept pace, this is a margin expansion to watch carefully.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 299.59% +48.8pp
Gross Margin 44.73% +2.7pp
SG&A / Revenue 123.58% +32.3pp
Non-core / Revenue 454.39% +91.0pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result is supporting margin

Financial result accounts for 121.1% of PBT and lifted net margin by 91.0pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin 299.31% +48.7pp
Capital Turnover
Average Invested Capital

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.03x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.00x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 19.3bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −18.4bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +2.2bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −3.1bn

Working Capital Efficiency

The inventory build-up noted above is reflected in a longer cash cycle. Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 48.0 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 41.5 days, DSO rose 6.0 days, and DPO fell 0.6 days.

All 3 drivers are deteriorating — working capital is becoming more deeply tied up in the operating cycle.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 204.5 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +6.0 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 27.2 days +6.0 days
Inventory 299.6 days +41.5 days
Payables 122.3 days −0.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 204.5 days +48.0 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Track net leverage, interest coverage, and the liquidity buffer on the balance sheet.

Debt maturity and the cash buffer remain the two key areas to monitor.

Some leverage signals are missing, so the current read should be treated as contextual.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.00x
Interest Coverage
Cash / Debt
Short-term Debt / Total Debt
CFO / NI -0.96x −0.56x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -38.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 38.6bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +0.3bn. Financing cash flow was positive 0.0bn.

CFO / net income was -0.96x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

Cash capex or FCF data is incomplete, so the cash-conversion view is only partial.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 79.2bn −48.4bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with working capital is tied up too long in the operating cycle remaining the main constraint, with CCC extended to 204 days. The next watchpoint is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 121.0%. The main offsetting support comes from operating efficiency, with net margin improving 48.8 pp.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 299.59% after expanding 48.8pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 121.0% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -0.96x.

Key risk: working capital remains tied up for too long, with cash cycle at 204.5 days.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
29.8 31.7 34.2 33.7 23.1
Cost of Goods Sold
17.1 18.6 20.2 19.9 0.0
Gross Profit
12.7 13.2 14.0 13.8 8.4
Financial Expenses
0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.0
Selling Expenses
6.0 6.1 5.9 6.3 -6.1
General and Administrative Expenses
26.4 21.9 21.2 20.2 -20.1
Operating Profit
104.0 94.0 86.0 49.9 38.0
Profit Before Tax
104.1 94.1 86.1 50.0 38.1
Net Income
83.1 75.1 68.8 40.0 32.7
Profit Attributable to Parent
83.1 75.1 68.8 40.0 32.7
Earnings per Share
1,223.00 1,106.00 1,013.00 589.00 482.00

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