VHF

Xây dựng và Chế biến Lương thực Vĩnh Hà ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼ Slightly negative

Leverage and liquidity require close discipline Debt/equity 1.09x
Price
1,500
Latest close
01 Jun 2026
P/E 4.63x
P/B 0.14x
EPS 324
BVPS 10,864
ROE 3.0%
ROA 1.6%
Profit Margin 0.9%
Asset Turnover 1.81x
Equity Mult. 1.82x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VHF is maintaining revenue growth, but margins have not improved proportionally — earnings have been recovering gradually over multiple periods. More notably, profit relies heavily on non-core sources while operating cash flow is negative — these two factors together suggest earnings quality needs cautious evaluation.

TTM REVENUE
VND 766bn
+45.8%YoY
NET MARGIN
0.91%
−0.1ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 7bn
+27.5%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
174.1%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 283.5 246.7 92.4 143.4 137.2 163.0 115.5 109.8 180.9 223.2 192.3 97.8
Growth +15% +167% -36% +5% -16% +41% +5% -39% -19% +16% +97%
Net Income 3.0 0.9 1.8 1.3 2.4 -1.0 2.8 1.2 2.5 1.7 2.8 1.3
Net Margin 1.04% 0.37% 1.95% 0.90% 1.71% -0.60% 2.46% 1.12% 1.41% 0.76% 1.45% 1.32%

Drivers of VHF's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 32.4bn
Selling expenses ↑ 19.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 6.1bn
Financial income ↓ 3.1bn
Finance costs ↑ 2.1bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 12.1bn
Financial income ↑ 0.8bn
Selling expenses ↑ 10.4bn
Finance costs ↑ 0.9bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 0.8bn
Other profit ↓ 0.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 2.3% = 1.0% × 1.42 × 1.59
2026Q1 3.0% = 0.9% × 1.81 × 1.82

ROE rose from 2.3% to 3.0% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite net margin moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 0.9% -0.1pp Asset turnover: 1.81x +0.39x Leverage: 1.82x +0.23x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are under pressure while earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin stands at 0.91%, broadly flat versus the same period. Supportive factors and pressure points are offsetting one another.

Margin is nearly flat but the underlying components are moving — this is a transitional phase, more time is needed to see the real trend.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 0.91% −0.1pp
Gross Margin 7.19% +2.9pp
SG&A / Revenue 7.91% +1.2pp
Non-core / Revenue 1.62% −1.8pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result share remains high

Even though contribution decreased by 1.8pp, financial result still accounts for 178.6% of PBT — earnings durability should be monitored in coming periods.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 2.07x +0.50x
Average Invested Capital 369.3bn +35.3bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is balanced — liabilities at 0.63x equity, net debt at 0.67x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 85.7bn, roughly 22.7% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 58.7bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −79.9bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −2.7bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +24.0bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 15.8 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 21.9 days, DSO rose 6.8 days, and DPO rose 0.7 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster inventory turnover — watch whether this trend persists in coming periods.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 95.5 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +6.8 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 50.7 days +6.8 days
Inventory 55.2 days −21.9 days
Payables 10.4 days +0.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 95.5 days −15.8 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.67x and interest coverage only at 1.09x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 14.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 183.2bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 1.09x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.67x +0.17x
Interest Coverage 1.09x −0.15x
Cash / Debt 14.0% +8.5pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% 0.0pp
CFO / NI -9.84x −2.48x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -54.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 29.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +24.9bn. Financing cash flow was positive +32.6bn.

CFO / net income was -9.84x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

Cash capex or FCF data is incomplete, so the cash-conversion view is only partial.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 68.5bn −28.3bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with leverage and liquidity remaining the main constraint, with interest coverage at 1.09x. The next watchpoint is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 174.1%.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 174.1% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -9.84x.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at 1.09x.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
619.7 568.5 658.3 497.0 425.8
Cost of Goods Sold
581.1 545.2 628.7 477.0 0.0
Gross Profit
38.7 23.2 29.7 20.0 14.3
Financial Expenses
5.2 3.7 8.1 4.8 -1.6
Selling Expenses
25.0 15.7 9.1 4.3 -5.0
General and Administrative Expenses
24.5 20.6 29.0 27.5 -24.3
Operating Profit
6.5 4.7 8.5 7.0 6.5
Profit Before Tax
6.9 4.9 8.2 7.1 6.5
Net Income
6.9 4.9 8.2 7.1 6.5
Profit Attributable to Parent
6.9 4.9 8.2 7.1 6.5
Earnings per Share
323.00 230.00 383.00 330.00 162.00

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