VCB

Ngân hàng TMCP Ngoại thương Việt Nam ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▼ FUNDING UNDER PRESSURE

Operations are weakening LDR 101.0%, +4.0 pp QoQ
Price
62,200
Latest close
04 Jun 2026
P/B 2.2x
ROAE (TTM) 16.4%
NIM (TTM) 2.8%
ROAA (TTM) 1.5%
LDR 101.0%

Bank Picture

VCB bank opening narrative plan rendered.

LDR
101.0%
+4.0 pp QoQ
Market funding share
19.1%
+1.8 pp QoQ
Funding cost
2.20%
+0.1 pp YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24
Net Interest Income 17.651,1 16.169,8 14.657,2 14.160,2 13.687,2 13.842,3 13.577,6 13.907,7 14.078,1
NII Growth YoY +29% +17% +8% +2% −3%
NIM 2,75% 2,66% 2,69% 2,75% 2,91% 2,95%
Net Fee Income 943,4 864,6 938,3 860,9 806,0 923,8 1.272,3 1.499,0 1.441,6
Provision Expense 2.493,1 847,5 775,6 809,6 752,4 −32,3 325,6 1.513,5 1.508,2
Net Profit After Tax 9.462,1 8.633,8 9.025,6 8.837,4 8.701,7 8.569,9 8.572,5 8.124,7 8.586,0
Net Income Growth YoY +9% +1% +5% +9% +1%

Drivers of VCB's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher net interest income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Net interest income +VND 7,623.5bn
Other income +VND 1,259.3bn
Trading securities +VND 51.8bn
Minority interest −VND 0.9bn
Operating expenses +VND 2,758.1bn
Provision for credit losses +VND 2,366.6bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher net interest income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Net interest income +VND 3,963.9bn
Other income +VND 194.2bn
Net fee income +VND 137.5bn
Provision for credit losses +VND 1,740.7bn
Operating expenses +VND 1,231.6bn
FX & gold trading −VND 346.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

Is credit clean?

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

Credit Quality

Is asset quality deteriorating?

Liquidity balance is tightening, with LDR up to 101.0% and near-term funding room looking thinner than last quarter.

Reserve buffer on gross loans is around 1.57%. LDR stands at 101.0%.

Credit reading currently relies mainly on credit cost and reserve buffer; NPL, group-2, and bad-debt coverage signals will be added next.

Watchpoints

LDR is stretched

LDR stands at 101.0%, leaving less room on liquidity.

Key signals

Credit cost 0.22% +0.1pp
Reserve / Gross loans 1.57% +0.1pp
LDR 101.0% +4.0pp

2026Q1

Is interest margin sustainable?

Interest Margin Quality

Is spread coming under pressure?

Spread deserves closer monitoring because funding cost is already at 2.20%, even if pressure is not yet as severe as in clearer compression cases. This suggests spread is under pressure from both sides, with softer asset yields and rising funding costs.

In the period, NIM reached 2.75%, −0.2pp YoY; asset yield was 4.95%, −0.0pp; while funding cost was 2.20%, +0.1pp. This suggests spread has become less favorable mainly because asset yields softened, while the mild rise in funding cost is not yet enough to call it a strong two-sided compression episode.

Watchpoints

Spread compression in progress

Spread is under pressure from both sides, with softer asset yields and rising funding costs.

Key signals

NIM 2.75% −0.2pp
Asset yield 4.95% −0.0pp
Funding cost 2.20% +0.1pp

2026Q1

Earnings Mix

Is profit coming from core or supporting income sources?

Earnings mix currently looks balanced.

Nii accounts for 82.1% of toi, fee income is 4.7% of toi, other income is 5.0% of toi, cir stands at 34.6%, net profit equals 47.1% of toi.

Watchpoints

Fee-income base is thin

Fee income currently contributes only 4.7% of total operating income.

Key signals

NII / TOI 82.1% +1.0pp
Fee / TOI 4.7% −0.1pp
Other income / TOI 5.0% −0.0pp
CIR 34.6% −0.2pp

2026Q1

Is liquidity safe?

Funding & Liquidity

Are funding and capital buffers sufficiently safe?

Liquidity balance is tightening, with LDR up to 101.0% and implying balance-sheet usage is running ahead of funding cushion.

Ldr stands at 101.0%, equity equals 9.2% of assets, customer funding accounts for 80.9% of interest-bearing funding, market funding accounts for 19.1%.

Watchpoints

Funding mix turning less comfortable

Market funding share is rising quarter over quarter, suggesting a less comfortable funding mix even if stress is not yet severe.

LDR is stretched

LDR stands at 101.0%, leaving less room on liquidity.

Key signals

LDR 101.0% +4.0pp
Equity / Assets 9.2% −0.1pp
Customer funding 80.9% −1.8pp
Market funding 19.1% +1.8pp

2026Q1

Profitability Quality

What is sustaining current profitability?

Profitability is under clearer pressure as provisioning is rising sharply, with ROAA currently at 1.54%.

Net income on average earning assets is 1.58%, nim stands at 2.75%, credit cost is 0.22%, cir stands at 34.6%, average leverage is around 10.62 times.

Watchpoints

Provisioning is rising sharply

Quarterly provision expense increased 194.2% QoQ.

Key signals

ROAA 1.54% −0.0pp
ROAE 16.38% −0.1pp
NI / Avg EA 1.58% −0.0pp
Quarterly provision VND 2,493bn +194.2% QoQ

2026Q1

Investment Takeaway

VCB bank investment takeaway — funding under pressure. [Placeholder for EN translation.]

[Placeholder for EN evidence line 1.]

[Placeholder for EN evidence line 2.]

[Placeholder for EN conclusion.]

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024
Net Interest Income
58,771.4 55,405.7
Net Fee and Commission Income
3,469.9 5,136.6
Operating Expenses
25,242.8 23,027.4
Operating Profit before Provision for Credit Losses
47,211.8 45,551.1
Provision for Credit Losses
3,192.2 3,315.0
Profit Before Tax
44,019.6 42,236.1
Net Profit After Tax
35,197.9 33,853.1
Net Profit Attributable to the Equity Holders of the Bank
35,177.7 33,831.4
Earnings per Share
3,854.00 5,571.00

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