NBC

Than Núi Béo - Vinacomin ·HNX ·2026Q1

● Maintaining

Pre-tax profit relies materially on non-core sources Net financial result/PBT −1.13%
Price
8,600
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 8.54x
P/B 0.59x
EPS 1,007
BVPS 14,494
ROE 7.0%
ROA 1.6%
Profit Margin 1.5%
Asset Turnover 1.06x
Equity Mult. 4.22x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, NBC has not moved the needle on revenue, but profitability has edged up slightly — earnings have been recovering gradually over multiple periods. Notably, a significant portion of profit is supported by non-core sources, affecting earnings quality.

TTM REVENUE
VND 2,406bn
−18.6%YoY
NET MARGIN
1.55%
+0.5ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 37bn
+22.2%YoY
Non-core income / PBT
36.0%
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 443.6 1,070.5 337.2 554.5 723.4 1,128.7 347.6 755.5 581.0 513.4 902.1 970.4
Growth -59% +217% -39% -23% -36% +225% -54% +30% +13% -43% -7%
Net Income 6.3 24.7 1.8 4.5 10.0 107.8 -104.1 16.8 15.8 35.3 32.5 23.2
Net Margin 1.43% 2.31% 0.52% 0.82% 1.39% 9.55% -29.96% 2.22% 2.72% 6.88% 3.60% 2.39%

Drivers of NBC's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by lower finance costs. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 12.2bn
Other profit ↑ 11.5bn
Selling expenses ↓ 2.8bn
Financial income ↑ 1.4bn
Gross profit ↓ 19.2bn
Tax ↑ 1.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Administrative expenses ↓ 5.5bn
Tax ↓ 0.9bn
Selling expenses ↑ 4.3bn
Finance costs ↑ 3.9bn
Gross profit ↓ 1.4bn
Other profit ↓ 0.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 5.4% = 1.0% × 1.23 × 4.25
2026Q1 7.0% = 1.5% × 1.06 × 4.22

ROE rose from 5.4% to 7.0% — mainly driven by net margin, despite asset turnover and leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 1.5% +0.5pp Asset turnover: 1.06x -0.17x Leverage: 4.22x -0.03x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins improved (+0.5pp), but earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources — warrants closer scrutiny.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin edged up to 1.55%, rising 0.5pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 1.3pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 1.2pp (with additional support from Other profit / Revenue rose 0.5pp and Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.1pp).

Most of the margin increase comes from non-core items — core operations have not kept pace, this is a margin expansion to watch carefully.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 1.55% +0.5pp
Gross Margin 10.25% +1.3pp
SG&A / Revenue 6.82% +1.2pp
Non-core / Revenue -1.49% +0.6pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result is supporting margin

Financial result accounts for 36.0% of PBT and lifted net margin by 0.6pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC stands at 1.46%, broadly flat versus the same period. That translates to 1.46 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. NOPAT margin steady, but capital turnover fell 0.22x, with invested capital easing slightly by 112bn — the two factors are offsetting each other, keeping overall ROIC nearly unchanged.

Overall ROIC is flat while internal components are moving — watch which side becomes dominant in coming periods.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 1.46% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 1.46% −0.1pp
NOPAT Margin 0.99% +0.1pp
Capital Turnover 1.47x −0.22x
Average Invested Capital 1,632.4bn −112.1bn

Balance Sheet

Leverage is very high, with clear pressure on the capital structure — liabilities at 3.55x equity, net debt at 2.11x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 301.3bn, roughly 12.5% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 122.7bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and higher payables. Pressure from higher inventories only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +337.0bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −332.8bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +118.5bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 7.4 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 39.5 days, DSO fell 26.4 days, and DPO rose 20.6 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster inventory turnover — watch whether this trend persists in coming periods.

Watchpoints

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +39.5 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 55.0 days −26.4 days
Inventory 55.7 days +39.5 days
Payables 67.3 days +20.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 43.3 days −7.4 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 2.11x and interest coverage only at 0.54x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 73.6% of total debt, cash equals 0.6% of debt, and total debt stands at 1,136.5bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 2.11x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 0.54x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 2.11x +0.12x
Interest Coverage 0.54x +0.05x
Cash / Debt 0.6% +0.1pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 73.6% −12.6pp
CFO / NI 9.15x −1.70x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Leverage needs watching — cash flow below shows the ability to service debt from operations. Operating cash flow reached 298.5bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -335.2bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +36.7bn. Financing cash flow was positive +35.1bn.

CFO / net income was 9.15x.

After spending +380.4bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −39.4bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 341.0bn +9.9bn
Cash Capex 380.4bn +286.2bn
FCF TTM −39.4bn −276.3bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is balanced but not yet fully stable — some components are moving the right way while others still need monitoring. This is a state to keep watching, with not enough signal to tilt the thesis either way. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is -113.2%. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at 1.5%.

Watchpoint: cash flow is currently keeping pace with accounting earnings, with CFO / net income at 9.15x. Even so, net financial result still accounts for -113.2% of PBT, so the earnings mix still needs monitoring.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
2,682.4 2,804.8 3,251.8 3,611.0 2,670.9
Cost of Goods Sold
2,416.7 2,523.2 2,799.2 3,193.6 0.0
Gross Profit
265.7 281.6 452.6 417.4 346.0
Financial Expenses
51.5 74.1 135.1 165.1 -173.6
Selling Expenses
15.2 18.0 22.7 43.1 -20.2
General and Administrative Expenses
157.9 151.3 177.3 150.2 -110.5
Operating Profit
44.1 40.9 120.1 61.5 50.0
Profit Before Tax
51.5 46.7 125.9 60.3 50.7
Net Income
41.1 37.1 104.1 47.2 45.7
Profit Attributable to Parent
41.1 37.1 104.1 47.2 45.7
Earnings per Share
1,110.00 1,003.00 2,814.00 1,276.00 1,236.00

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