NSL

Cấp nước Sơn La ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼▼ Declining sharply

Capital structure should be read with cycle risk in mind Debt/equity 0.47x
Price
Latest close
P/E
P/B
EPS 442
BVPS 10,632
ROE 5.6%
ROA 4.0%
Profit Margin 5.1%
Asset Turnover 0.80x
Equity Mult. 1.39x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a Năm 2025 basis, NSL posted a very sharp profit drop versus the same period, showing that pressure has clearly fed through to the bottom line — margins have been compressing consistently over multiple periods. The key watch now is how long the business needs to stabilize its profit base.

TTM REVENUE
VND 142bn
+1.4%YoY
NET MARGIN
5.06%
−7.3ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 7bn
−58.5%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25
Revenue 38.8 35.2 34.5 37.3
Growth +10% +2% -7%
Net Income 5.9 -7.8 6.1 1.3
Net Margin 15.30% -22.11% 17.70% 3.40%

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are broadly flat — earnings quality is the factor to watch.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Track net margin changes and the operating components against the same period last year.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 5.06% −7.3pp
Gross Margin 21.04%
SG&A / Revenue 15.85%

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Balance Sheet

Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.40x equity, net debt at 0.47x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 11.5bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · Prior -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −3.8bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +1.1bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −8.8bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Track receivable, inventory, and payable turns to judge working-capital efficiency.

Track DSO, DIO, DPO components to evaluate working capital turnover efficiency.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · Prior -> 2026Q1

Receivables
Inventory
Payables
Cash Conversion Cycle

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage is balanced for now, with net debt / equity at 0.47x and interest coverage at 3.38x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 15.3% of debt, and total debt stands at 34.5bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 15.3%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.47x
Interest Coverage 3.38x
Cash / Debt 15.3%
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0%
CFO / NI 5.19x

TTM YoY · Prior -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 20.7bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -29.1bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +8.4bn. Financing cash flow was negative +2.9bn.

CFO / net income was 5.19x.

After spending +24.3bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +4.4bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · Prior -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 28.7bn
Cash Capex 24.3bn
FCF TTM +4.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The next item to monitor is capital structure should be read with cycle risk in mind. Warning and risk signals are not yet decisive enough to shift the picture.

Watchpoint: Capital structure should be read with cycle risk in mind.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022
Net Revenue
141.9 139.9 134.5 125.8
Cost of Goods Sold
109.2 97.4 92.9 86.6
Gross Profit
32.7 42.5 41.6 39.3
Financial Expenses
1.8 1.1 0.5 0.2
Selling Expenses
22.7 0.0 0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
24.2 0.0 23.0 19.4
Operating Profit
7.1 19.1 18.9 21.5
Profit Before Tax
8.2 19.5 19.2 21.9
Net Income
7.2 17.3 17.0 19.7
Profit Attributable to Parent
7.2 17.3 17.0 19.7
Earnings per Share
618.00 1,729.00 1,699.00 1,968.00

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