BBS

VICEM Bao bì Bút Sơn ·HNX ·2026Q1

● Maintaining

Price
12,000
Latest close
21 May 2026
P/E 9.23x
P/B 0.65x
EPS 1,300
BVPS 18,348
ROE 7.1%
ROA 2.6%
Profit Margin 1.7%
Asset Turnover 1.59x
Equity Mult. 2.70x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, BBS posted slightly higher revenue but margins narrowed — the two forces offset each other, leaving the overall picture largely unchanged — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. What remains unclear is which side will dominate in coming periods.

TTM REVENUE
VND 469bn
+25.2%YoY
NET MARGIN
1.66%
−0.4ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 8bn
−0.7%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 122.0 108.7 121.6 117.1 103.1 107.8 71.1 93.0 84.4 89.2 77.8 88.1
Growth +12% -11% +4% +14% -4% +52% -24% +10% -5% +15% -12%
Net Income 1.2 2.3 1.9 2.5 1.2 1.5 -0.4 5.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.1
Net Margin 0.94% 2.09% 1.54% 2.14% 1.21% 1.39% -0.56% 5.92% 2.07% 1.90% 2.42% 1.21%

Drivers of BBS's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Administrative expenses ↓ 2.8bn
Tax ↓ 0.9bn
Other profit ↑ 0.4bn
Gross profit ↓ 2.9bn
Selling expenses ↑ 1.2bn
Finance costs ↑ 0.1bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher selling expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 0.3bn
Gross profit ↑ 0.2bn
Tax ↓ 0.0bn
Selling expenses ↑ 0.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 0.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 7.2% = 2.1% × 1.19 × 2.89
2026Q1 7.1% = 1.7% × 1.59 × 2.70

ROE is broadly flat at 7.1% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 1.7% -0.4pp Asset turnover: 1.59x +0.40x Leverage: 2.70x -0.19x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin narrowed to 1.66%, falling 0.4pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 2.5pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 1.3pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.3pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.1pp).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 1.66% −0.4pp
Gross Margin 6.93% −2.5pp
SG&A / Revenue 3.48% −1.3pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC stands at 3.36%, broadly flat versus the same period. That translates to 3.36 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. NOPAT margin narrowed 0.5pp, but capital turnover rose 0.52x, with invested capital holding roughly steady — the two factors are offsetting each other, keeping overall ROIC nearly unchanged.

Overall ROIC is flat while internal components are moving — watch which side becomes dominant in coming periods.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 3.36% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 3.36% +0.1pp
NOPAT Margin 1.62% −0.5pp
Capital Turnover 2.07x +0.52x
Average Invested Capital 226.4bn −15.4bn

Balance Sheet

Capital structure is balanced — liabilities at 1.44x equity, net debt at 0.95x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 50.8bn, roughly 19.1% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 19.2bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables. Pressure from higher inventories and lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +41.8bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −10.1bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −12.5bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 47.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 11.9 days, DSO fell 46.1 days, and DPO fell 10.9 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 149.8 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 151.6 days −46.1 days
Inventory 39.0 days −11.9 days
Payables 40.8 days −10.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 149.8 days −47.1 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.95x and interest coverage only at 1.44x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 2.3% of debt, and total debt stands at 106.7bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is 1.44x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.95x −0.24x
Interest Coverage 1.44x −0.24x
Cash / Debt 2.3% −5.7pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% 0.0pp
CFO / NI 4.98x +3.35x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 14.3bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -7.7bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +6.6bn. Financing cash flow was negative +5.4bn.

CFO / net income was 4.98x.

After spending +7.7bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +31.1bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 38.8bn +26.0bn
Cash Capex 7.7bn
FCF TTM +31.1bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is balanced but not yet fully stable — some components are moving the right way while others still need monitoring. This is a state to keep watching, with not enough signal to tilt the thesis either way. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at 4.98x. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at 3.4%.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 4.98x.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
450.5 355.5 355.6 448.4 523.4
Cost of Goods Sold
418.0 319.1 320.7 406.9 0.0
Gross Profit
32.5 36.4 34.9 41.5 42.8
Financial Expenses
6.9 6.9 10.8 11.2 -12.5
Selling Expenses
6.2 5.9 7.1 7.9 -7.1
General and Administrative Expenses
10.5 14.8 10.3 13.5 -11.2
Operating Profit
8.8 8.9 6.7 9.7 12.1
Profit Before Tax
9.1 8.7 7.1 9.9 12.3
Net Income
7.2 6.2 5.7 7.8 9.8
Profit Attributable to Parent
7.2 6.2 5.7 7.8 9.8
Earnings per Share
1,208.00 1,032.00 943.00 1,302.00 1,631.00

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