NBP

Nhiệt điện Ninh Bình ·HNX ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 2.67%, +3.33pp YoY
Price
7,500
Latest close
04 Jun 2026
P/E 9.35x
P/B 0.40x
EPS 802
BVPS 18,697
ROE 4.4%
ROA 2.9%
Profit Margin 2.7%
Asset Turnover 1.09x
Equity Mult. 1.49x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, NBP posted a sharp profit increase versus the same period, suggesting a clear improvement from a low base — this marks a reversal from the difficult phase before. The point still to be proven is whether this new profit level can hold once the low-base effect fades.

TTM REVENUE
VND 386bn
−54.1%YoY
NET MARGIN
2.67%
+3.3ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 10bn
+287.4%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 73.0 40.9 153.6 118.4 46.4 161.0 219.1 414.5 366.0 304.2 245.9 360.9
Growth +78% -73% +30% +155% -71% -27% -47% +13% +20% +24% -32%
Net Income 7.2 -0.8 -1.3 5.2 5.0 -2.8 -7.2 -0.5 2.0 -5.9 -2.4 21.9
Net Margin 9.83% -1.99% -0.82% 4.40% 10.84% -1.76% -3.28% -0.13% 0.55% -1.95% -0.98% 6.06%

Drivers of NBP's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 13.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by lower administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Administrative expenses ↓ 1.6bn
Gross profit ↑ 0.6bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 -2.3% = -0.7% × 1.62 × 2.14
2026Q1 4.4% = 2.7% × 1.09 × 1.49

ROE rose from -2.3% to 4.4% — mainly driven by net margin, despite asset turnover and leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 2.7% +3.3pp Asset turnover: 1.09x -0.53x Leverage: 1.49x -0.65x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 2.67%, rising 3.3pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 7.0pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 4.0pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.2pp).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 2.67% +3.3pp
Gross Margin 10.07% +7.0pp
SG&A / Revenue 7.44% +4.0pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Evaluate capital, asset, and working-capital efficiency.

Balance Sheet

Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.16x equity, net debt at 0.01x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 90.8bn, roughly 33.7% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 23.9bn of cash, mainly because of lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower receivables and lower inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +60.0bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +101.3bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −185.2bn

Working Capital Efficiency

The inventory build-up noted above is reflected in a longer cash cycle. Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 37.9 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 81.2 days, DSO fell 40.7 days, and DPO rose 2.7 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower inventory turnover — more capital is being tied up in inventory.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 97.4 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +81.2 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 52.6 days −40.7 days
Inventory 142.7 days +81.2 days
Payables 97.9 days +2.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 97.4 days +37.9 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Track net leverage, interest coverage, and the liquidity buffer on the balance sheet.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 71.2% of debt, and total debt stands at 11.2bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.01x
Interest Coverage
Cash / Debt 71.2%
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0%
CFO / NI 0.02x −38.02x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -19.9bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -0.6bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +20.5bn. Financing cash flow was negative +0.0bn.

CFO / net income was 0.02x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 0.2bn +209.6bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.3 pp. The next item to monitor is capital structure should be read with cycle risk in mind.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 2.67% after expanding 3.3pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital structure should be read with cycle risk in mind.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
359.4 1,160.6 942.4 931.9 843.8
Cost of Goods Sold
323.4 1,140.7 897.5 869.8 0.0
Gross Profit
36.0 19.9 44.8 62.1 62.9
Financial Expenses
2.5 2.4 0.0 0.0
Selling Expenses
0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2
General and Administrative Expenses
30.6 29.2 31.5 32.2 -30.9
Operating Profit
5.4 -11.8 11.2 30.1 32.6
Profit Before Tax
5.5 -13.1 11.2 30.4 32.8
Net Income
5.5 -13.1 8.6 24.3 26.2
Profit Attributable to Parent
5.5 -13.1 8.6 24.3 26.2
Earnings per Share
429.00 -1,019.00 672.00 1,886.00 -98.00

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