VFC

Vinafco ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼▼ Declining sharply

Margins remain under pressure Net margin 93.35%, −2.48pp YoY
Price
104,000
Latest close
07 May 2026
P/E 334.41x
P/B 5.00x
EPS 311
BVPS 20,812
ROE 1.5%
ROA 1.0%
Profit Margin 0.7%
Asset Turnover 1.35x
Equity Mult. 1.50x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VFC is holding revenue at an acceptable level, but margins are eroding visibly — margins have been compressing consistently over multiple periods. More notably, a significant portion of profit is supported by non-core sources, further affecting earnings quality.

TTM REVENUE
VND 1,445bn
+24.3%YoY
NET MARGIN
0.93%
−2.5ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 13bn
−66.0%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
65.4%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 375.2 402.3 355.6 311.6 285.0 332.9 266.5 277.6 286.4 349.6 310.6 320.1
Growth -7% +13% +14% +9% -14% +25% -4% -3% -18% +13% -3%
Net Income 6.5 -6.7 10.6 3.1 9.4 15.2 7.2 7.8 -4.9 10.2 4.2 21.7
Net Margin 1.73% -1.67% 2.97% 1.01% 3.31% 4.58% 2.71% 2.80% -1.71% 2.92% 1.34% 6.79%

Drivers of VFC's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 8.7bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 34.9bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to higher administrative expenses. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 1.4bn
Other profit ↑ 1.0bn
Financial income ↑ 0.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 4.2bn
Finance costs ↑ 1.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 5.5% = 3.4% × 1.16 × 1.39
2026Q1 1.9% = 0.9% × 1.35 × 1.50

ROE fell from 5.5% to 1.9% — net margin weakened the most, though asset turnover and leverage still provided support.

Net margin: 0.9% -2.5pp Asset turnover: 1.35x +0.19x Leverage: 1.50x +0.11x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are under pressure while earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin fell to 0.93%, losing 2.5pp. The main pressure comes from SG&A / Revenue rose 1.4pp and Gross margin fell 1.0pp (with lingering pressure from Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.3pp).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 0.93% −2.5pp
Gross Margin 7.13% −1.0pp
SG&A / Revenue 6.61% +1.4pp
Non-core / Revenue 1.14% −0.4pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result share remains high

Even though contribution decreased by 0.4pp, financial result still accounts for 68.8% of PBT — earnings durability should be monitored in coming periods.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency is declining — check whether the drag is from margins or turnover.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC fell to 1.70%, losing 3.7pp. That translates to 1.70 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main pressure came from NOPAT margin narrowed 2.5pp, outweighing the movement in capital turnover; with invested capital holding roughly steady.

Pressure came from the margin side — core operations are weakening, not just a temporary asset-management issue.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently 1.70% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 1.70% −3.7pp
NOPAT Margin 0.90% −2.5pp
Capital Turnover 1.89x +0.30x
Average Invested Capital 763.3bn +33.6bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC declined — the balance sheet shows how capital is being deployed. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.64x equity, net debt at 0.14x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 32.5bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −89.3bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −7.1bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +63.9bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 2.4 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 0.2 days, DSO fell 9.2 days, and DPO fell 7.1 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 74.7 days −9.2 days
Inventory 4.7 days −0.2 days
Payables 48.3 days −7.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 31.1 days −2.4 days

Is financial risk significant?

Leverage is safe but FCF is negative at 110.1bn due to capex of 117.5bn — an investment choice, not an urgent risk.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.14x and interest coverage at 4.18x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 72.4% of total debt, cash equals 36.6% of debt, and total debt stands at 152.6bn.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 72.4% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.14x +0.14x
Interest Coverage 4.18x −12.37x
Cash / Debt 36.6% −71.3pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 72.4% −14.1pp
CFO / NI 0.71x +0.05x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 24.3bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -66.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +42.6bn. Financing cash flow was positive +45.8bn.

CFO / net income was 0.71x.

After spending +117.5bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −110.1bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 7.4bn −17.4bn
Cash Capex 117.5bn +90.8bn
FCF TTM −110.1bn −108.2bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. Even so, earnings quality still needs closer monitoring because net financial result remains elevated. The main risk still sits in core profitability, with net margin down 2.5 pp.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 65.4% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at 0.71x.

Key risk: profitability remains under pressure, with trailing-12M net margin at 93.35% after a 2.5pp decline versus the same period last year.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
1,354.6 1,163.4 1,272.4 1,619.7 1,245.2
Cost of Goods Sold
1,253.1 1,085.7 1,180.0 1,346.4 0.0
Gross Profit
101.5 77.7 92.4 273.3 129.9
Financial Expenses
4.0 3.1 4.5 8.1 -12.1
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
91.4 58.8 59.2 72.4 -61.1
Operating Profit
27.0 35.5 59.9 209.8 60.4
Profit Before Tax
26.8 36.9 57.9 236.3 58.9
Net Income
16.3 25.3 43.9 187.0 47.4
Profit Attributable to Parent
13.6 25.3 43.3 145.1 34.6
Earnings per Share
403.00 749.00 1,281.00 4,294.00 1,024.00

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