VOS

Vận tải Biển Việt Nam ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲ Showing improvement

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 10.83%, +6.64pp YoY
Price
12,300
Latest close
04 Jun 2026
P/E 4.75x
P/B 0.81x
EPS 2,592
BVPS 15,143
ROE 17.9%
ROA 10.5%
Profit Margin 10.8%
Asset Turnover 0.97x
Equity Mult. 1.71x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VOS posted a sharp profit increase versus the same period, suggesting a clear improvement from a low base — margins have been expanding consistently over multiple periods. However, profit is significantly supported by non-core sources and operating cash flow is not yet positive — the improvement signal needs more time to confirm.

TTM REVENUE
VND 3,350bn
−32.2%YoY
NET MARGIN
10.83%
+6.6ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 363bn
+75.4%YoY
Non-core income / PBT
74.1%
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 709.0 955.9 849.7 835.8 462.1 1,336.8 1,269.9 1,872.0 1,097.5 909.9 715.9 1,042.6
Growth -26% +12% +2% +81% -65% +5% -32% +71% +21% +27% -31%
Net Income 4.3 216.6 131.7 10.3 -53.9 -9.0 -14.1 283.9 74.5 104.6 -23.3 1.1
Net Margin 0.61% 22.66% 15.50% 1.23% -11.65% -0.67% -1.11% 15.16% 6.79% 11.49% -3.26% 0.10%

Drivers of VOS's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 276.8bn
Other profit ↓ 66.0bn
Financial income ↓ 29.6bn
Finance costs ↑ 17.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 74.1bn
Finance costs ↑ 6.8bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 11.2% = 4.2% × 1.68 × 1.59
2026Q1 17.9% = 10.8% × 0.97 × 1.71

ROE rose from 11.2% to 17.9% — mainly driven by leverage, despite asset turnover moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 10.8% +6.6pp Asset turnover: 0.97x -0.72x Leverage: 1.71x +0.12x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 10.83%, rising 6.6pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 8.1pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 1.6pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 1.8pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.9pp remained a drag).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 10.83% +6.6pp
Gross Margin 7.91% +8.1pp
SG&A / Revenue 4.65% +1.6pp
Non-core / Revenue 9.76% +0.9pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Other income is supporting margin

Other income accounts for 74.4% of PBT and lifted net margin by 0.9pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 1.77x −1.57x
Average Invested Capital 1,894.1bn +416.1bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.85x equity, net debt at 0.06x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 423.2bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −452.1bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −18.4bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +47.4bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 12.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 5.5 days, DSO rose 6.0 days, and DPO fell 1.2 days.

All 3 drivers are deteriorating — working capital is becoming more deeply tied up in the operating cycle.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +12.7 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +6.0 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 21.5 days +6.0 days
Inventory 13.9 days +5.5 days
Payables 15.9 days −1.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 19.5 days +12.7 days

Is financial risk significant?

Leverage is safe but FCF is negative at 1,108.2bn due to capex of 923.3bn — an investment choice, not an urgent risk.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage is balanced for now, with net debt / equity at 0.06x and interest coverage at 2.38x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 26.5% of total debt, cash equals 84.7% of debt, and total debt stands at 811.4bn.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.06x +0.26x
Interest Coverage 2.38x +6.00x
Cash / Debt 84.7% −177.6pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 26.5% +15.4pp
CFO / NI -0.51x −1.11x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -129.6bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -199.1bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +328.7bn. Financing cash flow was positive +606.3bn.

CFO / net income was -0.51x.

After spending +923.3bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −1,108.2bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 184.9bn −308.9bn
Cash Capex 923.3bn +437.5bn
FCF TTM −1,108.2bn −746.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 6.6 pp. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 0.3%. The main risk still sits in self-funded cash generation remains weak.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 10.83% after expanding 6.6pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 0.3% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -0.51x.

Key risk: self-funded cash generation remains weak, with trailing-12M FCF still at 1,108.2bn.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
3,103.5 5,576.1 3,187.5 2,420.4 1,423.9
Cost of Goods Sold
2,912.5 5,449.0 3,005.7 1,682.7 0.0
Gross Profit
191.0 127.1 181.8 737.8 453.1
Financial Expenses
41.1 25.6 32.1 75.6 -110.2
Selling Expenses
67.9 63.3 59.8 79.2 -43.1
General and Administrative Expenses
81.4 97.1 75.6 105.8 -105.2
Operating Profit
56.7 24.7 81.2 531.0 353.3
Profit Before Tax
380.8 417.9 200.2 605.6 504.1
Net Income
304.7 335.3 155.4 487.9 489.2
Profit Attributable to Parent
304.7 335.3 155.4 487.9 489.2
Earnings per Share
2,177.00 2,395.00 1,110.00 3,485.00 2,170.00

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