VPA

Vận tải Hoá Dầu VP ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲ Showing improvement

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin −15.22%, +20.06pp YoY
Price
2,200
Latest close
29 May 2026
P/E -1.60x
P/B -0.38x
EPS -1,373
BVPS -5,859
ROE 26.7%
ROA -7.9%
Profit Margin -15.2%
Asset Turnover 0.52x
Equity Mult. -3.37x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VPA has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. More notably, profit relies heavily on non-core sources while operating cash flow is negative — these two factors together suggest earnings quality needs cautious evaluation.

TTM REVENUE
VND 136bn
+17.6%YoY
NET MARGIN
−15.22%
+20.1ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
−VND 21bn
+49.3%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
93.4%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 42.7 31.9 28.1 33.3 33.0 34.9 21.3 26.5 24.9 31.6 31.8 43.9
Growth +34% +13% -16% +1% -6% +64% -20% +6% -21% -1% -28%
Net Income 5.8 -6.7 -8.9 -10.9 -6.4 -14.1 -4.3 -15.9 -15.7 -5.2 -13.1 2.5
Net Margin 13.61% -20.91% -31.67% -32.79% -19.36% -40.51% -20.38% -60.20% -63.04% -16.53% -41.03% 5.72%

Drivers of VPA's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 18.8bn
Finance costs ↓ 10.1bn
Financial income ↓ 6.9bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 8.2bn
Finance costs ↓ 2.7bn
Financial income ↑ 1.3bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 88.1% = -35.3% × 0.40 × -6.25
2026Q1 26.7% = -15.2% × 0.52 × -3.37

ROE edged down from 88.1% to 26.7% — the components are broadly offsetting.

Net margin: -15.2% +20.1pp Asset turnover: 0.52x +0.12x Leverage: -3.37x +2.88x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to -15.22%, rising 20.1pp. The main driver is Gross margin rose 15.7pp and SG&A / Revenue fell 0.3pp, moving in line with the stronger net margin (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 5.3pp).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin -15.22% +20.1pp
Gross Margin 3.59% +15.7pp
SG&A / Revenue 3.41% −0.3pp
Non-core / Revenue -14.21% +5.3pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Financial result is supporting margin

Financial result accounts for 93.4% of PBT and lifted net margin by 5.3pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 0.69x +0.19x
Average Invested Capital 196.3bn −36.0bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at -3.69x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 3.05x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 2.3bn of cash, mainly because of lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower receivables and lower inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +0.5bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +1.5bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −4.4bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 0.7 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 6.7 days, DSO rose 1.2 days, and DPO fell 6.1 days.

Working capital cycle is flat — components are offsetting each other.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +0.7 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +1.2 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 3.3 days +1.2 days
Inventory 20.6 days −6.7 days
Payables 25.0 days −6.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle -1.0 days +0.7 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 15.6bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at -3.05x and interest coverage only at -0.85x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 3.8% of total debt, cash equals 2.7% of debt, and total debt stands at 277.0bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is -0.85x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 2.7%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -3.05x +1.10x
Interest Coverage -0.85x +0.40x
Cash / Debt 2.7% +1.5pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 3.8% −5.3pp
CFO / NI -0.70x −0.48x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 15.6bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 0.0bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +15.6bn. Financing cash flow was negative +14.1bn.

CFO / net income was -0.70x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

Cash capex or FCF data is incomplete, so the cash-conversion view is only partial.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 14.5bn +5.6bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 20.1 pp. Even so, earnings quality still needs closer monitoring because net financial result remains elevated. The main risk still sits in leverage and liquidity, with interest coverage at -0.85x.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at -15.22% after expanding 20.1pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 93.4% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -0.70x.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity still require discipline, with interest coverage only at -0.85x.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
126.3 107.6 149.9 90.4 113.1
Cost of Goods Sold
129.6 127.5 142.8 115.5 0.0
Gross Profit
-3.3 -19.9 7.1 -25.2 -7.4
Financial Expenses
25.2 36.3 19.9 24.1 -12.5
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
4.6 3.9 4.3 3.6 -3.6
Operating Profit
-31.3 -50.4 -15.4 -48.4 -19.0
Profit Before Tax
-32.9 -50.1 -13.2 -48.5 -18.9
Net Income
-32.9 -50.1 -13.2 -48.5 -18.9
Profit Attributable to Parent
-32.9 -50.1 -13.2 -48.5 -18.9
Earnings per Share
-2,182.00 -3,326.00 -877.00 -3,215.00 -1,256.21

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