VNA

Vận tải Biển Vinaship ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲ Slightly positive

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 13.52%, +2.85pp YoY
Price
15,500
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E 6.56x
P/B 0.84x
EPS 2,362
BVPS 18,432
ROE 13.3%
ROA 9.2%
Profit Margin 13.5%
Asset Turnover 0.68x
Equity Mult. 1.45x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VNA has not accelerated revenue, but profitability is improving more visibly — profit momentum has been slowing across consecutive periods. However, most of the profit comes from non-core sources — this needs careful evaluation before concluding on growth quality.

TTM REVENUE
VND 594bn
−3.3%YoY
NET MARGIN
13.52%
+2.8ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 80bn
+22.5%YoY
Non-core income / PBT
130.4%
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 111.1 156.5 133.8 192.5 127.4 152.6 163.2 170.9 134.0 134.3 142.8 138.3
Growth -29% +17% -31% +51% -17% -7% -4% +28% -0% -6% +3%
Net Income 37.1 52.0 -9.1 0.2 0.1 41.8 -3.9 27.6 0.3 32.0 2.7 0.5
Net Margin 33.39% 33.25% -6.77% 0.13% 0.07% 27.39% -2.39% 16.13% 0.20% 23.84% 1.87% 0.33%

Drivers of VNA's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by better other profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 41.7bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 1.8bn
Gross profit ↓ 15.2bn
Financial income ↓ 8.3bn
Tax ↑ 4.0bn
Finance costs ↑ 1.7bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by better other profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 61.0bn
Gross profit ↓ 12.7bn
Tax ↑ 9.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 12.0% = 10.7% × 0.89 × 1.25
2026Q1 13.3% = 13.5% × 0.68 × 1.45

ROE rose from 12.0% to 13.3% — mainly driven by leverage, despite asset turnover moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 13.5% +2.8pp Asset turnover: 0.68x -0.21x Leverage: 1.45x +0.19x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins improved (+2.8pp), but earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources — warrants closer scrutiny.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 13.52%, rising 2.8pp. Core operating signals are improving as SG&A / Revenue fell 0.1pp are enough to offset pressure from Gross margin fell 2.4pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 7.5pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 1.7pp remained a drag).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 13.52% +2.8pp
Gross Margin 2.45% −2.4pp
SG&A / Revenue 6.83% −0.1pp
Non-core / Revenue 21.29% +5.9pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Other income is supporting margin

Other income accounts for 130.4% of PBT and lifted net margin by 5.9pp — separate the operating contribution from this source.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency is declining — check whether the drag is from margins or turnover.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC fell to -3.62%, losing 2.4pp. That translates to -3.62 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin narrowed 3.2pp and capital turnover fell 0.43x, while invested capital expanded strongly by 206bn — pressure came from both operational efficiency and asset efficiency.

Pressure came from the margin side — core operations are weakening, not just a temporary asset-management issue.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently -3.62% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC -3.62% −2.4pp
NOPAT Margin -4.10% −3.2pp
Capital Turnover 0.88x −0.43x
Average Invested Capital 672.6bn +206.3bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC declined — the balance sheet shows how capital is being deployed. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.63x equity, net debt at 0.18x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 16.3bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and lower inventories. Pressure from lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +14.5bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +24.8bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −22.9bn

Working Capital Efficiency

The inventory build-up noted above is reflected in a longer cash cycle. Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 4.9 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 3.2 days, DSO rose 6.9 days, and DPO fell 1.2 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower receivables collection — receivables quality needs monitoring.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle is lengthening

CCC is up by +4.9 days, indicating weaker working-capital turnover versus the prior year.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +6.9 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 18.5 days +6.9 days
Inventory 25.3 days −3.2 days
Payables 15.5 days −1.2 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 28.3 days +4.9 days

Is financial risk significant?

Leverage is safe but FCF is negative at 239.7bn due to capex of 276.0bn — an investment choice, not an urgent risk.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 0.18x and interest coverage only at -2.05x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 16.0% of total debt, cash equals 57.2% of debt, and total debt stands at 265.7bn.

Watchpoints

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is -2.05x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.18x +0.13x
Interest Coverage -2.05x −1.50x
Cash / Debt 57.2% −23.3pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 16.0% +1.2pp
CFO / NI 0.45x +0.30x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 23.4bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -93.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +70.6bn. Financing cash flow was positive +109.8bn.

CFO / net income was 0.45x.

After spending +276.0bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −239.7bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 36.3bn +26.5bn
Cash Capex 276.0bn −27.5bn
FCF TTM −239.7bn +54.0bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 2.8 pp. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is -4.5%. The main risk still sits in capital efficiency remains weak, with ROIC at -3.6%.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 13.52% after expanding 2.8pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for -4.5% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at 0.45x.

Key risk: Capital efficiency remains weak.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
610.1 620.6 593.8 1,051.6 853.3
Cost of Goods Sold
582.9 601.8 581.3 772.4 0.0
Gross Profit
27.2 18.8 12.5 279.2 221.1
Financial Expenses
12.5 4.2 8.8 17.0 -22.8
Selling Expenses
9.8 9.6 11.8 22.2 -22.3
General and Administrative Expenses
31.0 32.2 23.8 46.7 -34.4
Operating Profit
-15.7 -11.6 -10.6 206.1 157.2
Profit Before Tax
54.3 82.2 45.1 314.5 180.9
Net Income
43.3 65.7 36.0 251.6 177.8
Profit Attributable to Parent
43.3 65.7 36.0 251.6 177.8
Earnings per Share
1,273.00 1,933.00 1,802.00 12,578.00 8,891.00

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