BHA

Thủy điện Bắc Hà ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▲ Showing improvement

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 50.12%, +6.17pp YoY
Price
24,900
Latest close
18 May 2026
P/E 9.52x
P/B 1.53x
EPS 2,616
BVPS 16,233
ROE 16.9%
ROA 12.3%
Profit Margin 50.1%
Asset Turnover 0.25x
Equity Mult. 1.37x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, BHA has not accelerated revenue, but profitability is improving more visibly — profit is at an all-time high. The positive sign is better operations, though this signal only becomes convincing if accompanied by a revenue recovery.

TTM REVENUE
VND 345bn
−1.8%YoY
NET MARGIN
50.12%
+6.2ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 173bn
+12.0%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 37.5 91.7 166.6 48.8 30.6 72.1 180.1 68.1 43.9 79.3 144.3 51.6
Growth -59% -45% +242% +59% -58% -60% +165% +55% -45% -45% +180%
Net Income -4.8 51.3 116.1 10.1 -10.3 18.8 126.2 19.5 -1.5 29.3 93.2 2.2
Net Margin -12.69% 55.92% 69.69% 20.66% -33.82% 26.14% 70.08% 28.64% -3.39% 36.98% 64.60% 4.32%

Drivers of BHA's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by lower finance costs. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 16.0bn
Gross profit ↑ 6.1bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 5.2bn
Finance costs ↓ 4.6bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 3.8bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 16.6% = 44.0% × 0.24 × 1.60
2026Q1 16.9% = 50.1% × 0.25 × 1.37

ROE is broadly flat at 16.9% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 50.1% +6.2pp Asset turnover: 0.25x +0.01x Leverage: 1.37x -0.23x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 50.12%, rising 6.2pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 3.0pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 0.4pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 4.3pp).

Most of the margin increase comes from non-core items — core operations have not kept pace, this is a margin expansion to watch carefully.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 50.12% +6.2pp
Gross Margin 68.90% +3.0pp
SG&A / Revenue 4.41% +0.4pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 0.26x +0.01x
Average Invested Capital 1,347.8bn −75.7bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.36x equity, net debt at 0.23x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 11.4bn of cash, mainly because of lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower receivables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +7.4bn
Inventories were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −18.8bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Track receivable, inventory, and payable turns to judge working-capital efficiency.

Track DSO, DIO, DPO components to evaluate working capital turnover efficiency.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 25.1 days −4.5 days
Inventory
Payables 6.4 days −0.3 days
Cash Conversion Cycle

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.23x and interest coverage at 5.36x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 32.7% of total debt, cash equals 12.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 277.5bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 12.0%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.23x −0.19x
Interest Coverage 5.36x +2.08x
Cash / Debt 12.0% +0.7pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 32.7% +11.2pp
CFO / NI 1.43x +0.95x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 225.2bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -21.9bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +203.3bn. Financing cash flow was negative +246.0bn.

CFO / net income was 1.43x.

After spending +21.5bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +224.7bn.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 246.2bn +173.6bn
Cash Capex 21.5bn +7.1bn
FCF TTM +224.7bn +166.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 6.2 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 50.12% after expanding 6.2pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
337.6 364.1 307.8 368.7 265.8
Cost of Goods Sold
105.4 120.9 115.0 115.4 0.0
Gross Profit
232.2 243.2 192.8 253.3 153.0
Financial Expenses
39.7 55.0 73.4 81.0 -114.9
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
11.3 12.9 9.2 8.5 -6.3
Operating Profit
182.5 176.4 111.9 164.4 32.2
Profit Before Tax
183.1 169.6 112.7 167.8 29.3
Net Income
167.0 163.6 107.7 154.2 27.6
Profit Attributable to Parent
167.0 163.6 107.7 154.2 27.6
Earnings per Share
2,357.00 2,428.00 1,588.00 2,319.00 418.83

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