VSH
Thủy điện Vĩnh Sơn - Sông Hinh ·HOSE ·2026Q1
▲▲ Improving positively
TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity
What Is Changing
On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VSH has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. Profit growth is driven mainly by better operations rather than scale expansion — a foundation that tends to be more durable.
| Metric | Q1'26 | Q4'25 | Q3'25 | Q2'25 | Q1'25 | Q4'24 | Q3'24 | Q2'24 | Q1'24 | Q4'23 | Q3'23 | Q2'23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 618.3 | 621.9 | 556.0 | 501.6 | 624.6 | 666.7 | 396.3 | 412.5 | 349.5 | 640.4 | 382.1 | 657.3 |
| Growth | -1% | +12% | +11% | -20% | -6% | +68% | -4% | +18% | -45% | +68% | -42% | — |
| Net Income | 268.7 | 216.4 | 211.3 | 166.3 | 268.7 | 301.4 | 78.0 | 67.2 | 1.8 | 229.9 | 25.6 | 261.8 |
| Net Margin | 43.46% | 34.79% | 38.00% | 33.15% | 43.02% | 45.21% | 19.68% | 16.28% | 0.51% | 35.90% | 6.70% | 39.83% |
Drivers of VSH's profit
Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to lower financial income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:
Financial Highlights
Detailed analysis of each financial dimension
ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier
ROE rose from 15.2% to 17.8% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.
Is the profit sustainable?
Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.
What is driving the margin?
Net margin expanded to 37.54%, rising 3.5pp. The main driver is Gross margin rose 0.5pp and SG&A / Revenue fell 0.5pp, moving in line with the stronger net margin (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 3.6pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 1.8pp remained a drag).
Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.
Profitability trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Is capital being used efficiently?
Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 12.1% reflects a large fixed-asset base.
Is capital being deployed efficiently?
ROIC expanded to 12.14%, rising 3.0pp. That translates to 12.14 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main driver is NOPAT margin rose 5.1pp, with capital turnover broadly stable; with invested capital easing slightly by 436bn.
For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.
CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Balance Sheet
ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.65x equity, net debt at 0.47x equity.
Over the last 12 months, working capital released 76.2bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables. Pressure from higher inventories and lower payables only partly offset that benefit.
Working Capital Drivers
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Working Capital Efficiency
Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 20.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 1.3 days, DSO fell 28.4 days, and DPO fell 7.0 days.
Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.
For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.
Watchpoints
CCC stands at 114.2 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.
DIO increased by +1.3 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.
Working Capital Efficiency
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Is financial risk significant?
Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.
Leverage & Liquidity
Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.47x and interest coverage at 5.13x.
At present, short-term debt accounts for 3.3% of total debt, cash equals 13.3% of debt, and total debt stands at 2,621.6bn.
Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.
Watchpoints
Cash / debt stands at 13.3%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.
Leverage and liquidity trend
TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Cash Flow
With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 1,441.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -382.4bn.
Post-investment cash flow was positive +1,059.4bn. Financing cash flow was negative +1,359.4bn.
CFO / net income was 1.77x.
Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.
For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.
Cash Conversion
TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1
Investment Takeaway
The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.5 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 12.1%.
Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 37.54% after expanding 3.5pp versus the same period last year.
Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.
Statement Data
| Item | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Net Revenue
|
2,304.1 | 1,825.1 | 2,572.0 | 3,084.6 | 1,611.2 |
|
Cost of Goods Sold
|
1,075.9 | 951.7 | 1,013.0 | 1,062.3 | 0.0 |
|
Gross Profit
|
1,228.2 | 873.4 | 1,559.1 | 2,022.4 | 814.9 |
|
Financial Expenses
|
204.0 | 318.0 | 410.4 | 432.5 | -324.4 |
|
Selling Expenses
|
— | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.0 |
|
General and Administrative Expenses
|
68.3 | 47.6 | 60.7 | 77.3 | -45.4 |
|
Operating Profit
|
1,000.2 | 522.2 | 1,093.4 | 1,519.2 | 455.8 |
|
Profit Before Tax
|
957.4 | 521.9 | 1,092.4 | 1,379.8 | 451.0 |
|
Net Income
|
862.6 | 448.3 | 994.0 | 1,264.8 | 387.3 |
|
Profit Attributable to Parent
|
862.6 | 448.3 | 994.0 | 1,264.8 | 387.3 |
|
Earnings per Share
|
3,651.00 | 1,898.00 | 4,208.00 | 5,354.00 | 1,671.00 |
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