VSH

Thủy điện Vĩnh Sơn - Sông Hinh ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 37.54%, +3.49pp YoY
Price
42,800
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 11.65x
P/B 2.08x
EPS 3,674
BVPS 20,566
ROE 17.8%
ROA 10.2%
Profit Margin 37.5%
Asset Turnover 0.27x
Equity Mult. 1.75x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VSH has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. Profit growth is driven mainly by better operations rather than scale expansion — a foundation that tends to be more durable.

TTM REVENUE
VND 2,298bn
+9.4%YoY
NET MARGIN
37.54%
+3.5ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 863bn
+20.6%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 618.3 621.9 556.0 501.6 624.6 666.7 396.3 412.5 349.5 640.4 382.1 657.3
Growth -1% +12% +11% -20% -6% +68% -4% +18% -45% +68% -42%
Net Income 268.7 216.4 211.3 166.3 268.7 301.4 78.0 67.2 1.8 229.9 25.6 261.8
Net Margin 43.46% 34.79% 38.00% 33.15% 43.02% 45.21% 19.68% 16.28% 0.51% 35.90% 6.70% 39.83%

Drivers of VSH's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 115.4bn
Finance costs ↓ 71.9bn
Other profit ↓ 42.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs prior quarter, mainly due to lower financial income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Administrative expenses ↓ 11.6bn
Finance costs ↓ 9.1bn
Other profit ↑ 0.0bn
Financial income ↓ 17.4bn
Gross profit ↓ 2.7bn
Tax ↑ 0.6bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 15.2% = 34.1% × 0.23 × 1.90
2026Q1 17.8% = 37.5% × 0.27 × 1.75

ROE rose from 15.2% to 17.8% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 37.5% +3.5pp Asset turnover: 0.27x +0.04x Leverage: 1.75x -0.15x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 37.54%, rising 3.5pp. The main driver is Gross margin rose 0.5pp and SG&A / Revenue fell 0.5pp, moving in line with the stronger net margin (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 3.6pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 1.8pp remained a drag).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 37.54% +3.5pp
Gross Margin 53.34% +0.5pp
SG&A / Revenue 2.47% −0.5pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency for utilities should be read alongside regulated tariffs and long-cycle depreciation — ROIC of 12.1% reflects a large fixed-asset base.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 12.14%, rising 3.0pp. That translates to 12.14 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main driver is NOPAT margin rose 5.1pp, with capital turnover broadly stable; with invested capital easing slightly by 436bn.

For utilities, ROIC reflects returns on a large fixed-asset base — this is a reference signal and should be read alongside regulated tariffs.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 12.14% +3.0pp
NOPAT Margin 39.22% +5.1pp
Capital Turnover 0.31x +0.04x
Average Invested Capital 7,423.7bn −435.5bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC for utilities reflects a large fixed-asset base and regulated tariffs — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.65x equity, net debt at 0.47x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 76.2bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables. Pressure from higher inventories and lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +107.4bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −20.6bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −10.6bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 20.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 1.3 days, DSO fell 28.4 days, and DPO fell 7.0 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.

For utilities, working capital cycle reflects regulated pricing mechanics and long-term settlement contracts — DSO/DIO/DPO should be treated as contextual signals rather than pure efficiency indicators.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 114.2 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +1.3 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 116.3 days −28.4 days
Inventory 40.8 days +1.3 days
Payables 42.9 days −7.0 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 114.2 days −20.1 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.47x and interest coverage at 5.13x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 3.3% of total debt, cash equals 13.3% of debt, and total debt stands at 2,621.6bn.

Leverage for utilities reflects long-term capital needs for fixed assets and recovery through regulated pricing — elevated leverage is structural to the industry.

Watchpoints

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 13.3%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.47x −0.13x
Interest Coverage 5.13x +2.06x
Cash / Debt 13.3% +3.0pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 3.3% +1.2pp
CFO / NI 1.77x −0.43x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 1,441.8bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -382.4bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +1,059.4bn. Financing cash flow was negative +1,359.4bn.

CFO / net income was 1.77x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

For utilities, high capex and long investment cycles are structural — short-term FCF volatility does not reflect long-term cash generation through regulated pricing.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 1,528.4bn −46.6bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing brightening signals, but the improvement is still early and not yet thick enough to read as a confirmed trend. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 3.5 pp. The next item to monitor is capital efficiency, with ROIC at 12.1%.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 37.54% after expanding 3.5pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: Capital efficiency needs cycle context.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
2,304.1 1,825.1 2,572.0 3,084.6 1,611.2
Cost of Goods Sold
1,075.9 951.7 1,013.0 1,062.3 0.0
Gross Profit
1,228.2 873.4 1,559.1 2,022.4 814.9
Financial Expenses
204.0 318.0 410.4 432.5 -324.4
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
68.3 47.6 60.7 77.3 -45.4
Operating Profit
1,000.2 522.2 1,093.4 1,519.2 455.8
Profit Before Tax
957.4 521.9 1,092.4 1,379.8 451.0
Net Income
862.6 448.3 994.0 1,264.8 387.3
Profit Attributable to Parent
862.6 448.3 994.0 1,264.8 387.3
Earnings per Share
3,651.00 1,898.00 4,208.00 5,354.00 1,671.00

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