VMS

Phát triển Hàng Hải ·HNX ·2026Q1

▼ Slightly negative

Margins remain under pressure Net margin 4.85%, −1.62pp YoY
Price
59,900
Latest close
21 May 2026
P/E 34.21x
P/B 3.37x
EPS 1,751
BVPS 17,762
ROE 10.0%
ROA 6.1%
Profit Margin 4.8%
Asset Turnover 1.27x
Equity Mult. 1.63x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VMS posted slightly higher revenue but margins narrowed — the two forces offset each other, leaving the overall picture largely unchanged — the growth momentum has held across consecutive periods. More notably, a significant portion of profit is supported by non-core sources, further affecting earnings quality.

TTM REVENUE
VND 325bn
+41.2%YoY
NET MARGIN
4.85%
−1.6ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 16bn
+5.8%YoY
Non-core income / PBT
30.7%
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 82.4 86.2 82.7 73.7 64.4 56.2 52.9 56.6 48.1 49.3 42.4 37.1
Growth -4% +4% +12% +14% +15% +6% -7% +18% -3% +16% +14%
Net Income 5.3 -0.0 6.1 4.4 3.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.7 4.4
Net Margin 6.43% -0.05% 7.40% 5.95% 4.95% 7.03% 7.39% 6.78% 7.64% 8.12% 11.05% 11.85%

Drivers of VMS's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 9.2bn
Other profit ↑ 5.2bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 6.6bn
Financial income ↓ 5.5bn
Tax ↑ 0.9bn
Finance costs ↑ 0.8bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by better other profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Other profit ↑ 3.0bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 0.5bn
Tax ↑ 0.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 9.6% = 6.5% × 0.93 × 1.60
2026Q1 10.0% = 4.8% × 1.27 × 1.63

ROE is broadly flat at 10.0% — the components are offsetting one another.

Net margin: 4.8% -1.6pp Asset turnover: 1.27x +0.33x Leverage: 1.63x +0.04x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are under pressure while earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin fell to 4.85%, losing 1.6pp. The main pressure is Gross margin fell 0.9pp, outweighing the improvement in SG&A / Revenue fell 0.4pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 1.5pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 3.0pp remained a drag).

The pressure comes from non-core items while core operations hold their rhythm — margin has a basis to recover once this factor passes.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 4.85% −1.6pp
Gross Margin 11.85% −0.9pp
SG&A / Revenue 8.36% −0.4pp
Non-core / Revenue 2.58% −1.6pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Other income share remains high

Even though contribution decreased by 1.6pp, other income still accounts for 42.5% of PBT — earnings durability should be monitored in coming periods.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin 3.23% −2.9pp
Capital Turnover
Average Invested Capital

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.66x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.22x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 2.0bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables. Part of that drag was offset by lower inventories and higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −13.6bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +0.5bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +11.1bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 19.6 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 2.1 days, DSO fell 15.1 days, and DPO rose 2.4 days.

All 3 drivers (collection, inventory, payables) are improving — working capital turnover is strengthening across the board.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 63.3 days −15.1 days
Inventory 5.0 days −2.1 days
Payables 18.6 days +2.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 49.7 days −19.6 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — the company has net cash and CFO reached 11.3bn.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.22x and interest coverage at 13.83x.

Debt maturity and the cash buffer remain the two key areas to monitor.

Some leverage signals are missing, so the current read should be treated as contextual.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.22x
Interest Coverage 13.83x −77.12x
Cash / Debt
Short-term Debt / Total Debt
CFO / NI 0.77x +0.25x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 11.3bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 40.5bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +51.8bn. Financing cash flow was negative +7.2bn.

CFO / net income was 0.77x.

After spending +11.4bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +0.6bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 12.1bn +4.4bn
Cash Capex 11.4bn +10.3bn
FCF TTM +0.6bn −5.9bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is under real pressure, but the current picture has not turned broadly adverse. A notable area has clearly weakened, making the near-term outlook hard to call bright; even so, other parts of the business are still holding up, with margins remain under pressure remaining the main constraint, with net margin down 1.6 pp. The next watchpoint is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 11.8%. The main offsetting support comes from balance-sheet flexibility, with net cash/equity at about -0.22x.

Improvement: the balance sheet remains flexible, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.22x of equity.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 11.8% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at 0.77x.

Key risk: profitability remains under pressure, with trailing-12M net margin at 4.85% after a 1.6pp decline versus the same period last year.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
307.0 213.8 162.9 211.6 221.0
Cost of Goods Sold
268.6 187.1 137.7 188.2 0.0
Gross Profit
38.4 26.7 25.3 23.4 25.0
Financial Expenses
0.9 0.3 -0.7 0.1 0.6
Selling Expenses
1.0 0.8 0.7 1.6 -2.1
General and Administrative Expenses
25.8 18.7 16.0 14.3 -14.5
Operating Profit
14.0 15.8 13.6 10.2 12.7
Profit Before Tax
17.1 19.2 18.1 12.2 13.4
Net Income
13.6 15.4 14.5 9.8 10.8
Profit Attributable to Parent
13.6 15.4 14.5 9.8 10.8
Earnings per Share
1,517.00 1,708.00 1,612.00 1,085.00 1,198.36

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