NAF

Nafoods Group ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Earnings conversion is confirmed CFO/NPAT −0.15x
Price
52,000
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 15.02x
P/B 3.80x
EPS 3,462
BVPS 13,683
ROE 21.0%
ROA 7.7%
Profit Margin 8.9%
Asset Turnover 0.86x
Equity Mult. 2.75x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, NAF is growing strongly on the back of scale expansion, while margins have only improved slightly — profit is at an all-time high. However, operating cash flow is significantly negative relative to profit — this needs monitoring in coming periods.

TTM REVENUE
VND 2,163bn
+46.4%YoY
NET MARGIN
8.93%
+0.9ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 193bn
+63.5%YoY
CFO / Net Income
-0.15x
negative cash flow vs profit
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 449.3 405.7 627.9 680.1 349.8 327.9 358.3 441.0 310.7 377.0 507.2 445.8
Growth +11% -35% -8% +94% +7% -8% -19% +42% -18% -26% +14%
Net Income 60.1 30.7 43.8 58.7 12.9 26.0 28.1 51.1 13.6 14.0 34.2 48.3
Net Margin 13.38% 7.56% 6.98% 8.63% 3.69% 7.93% 7.85% 11.60% 4.39% 3.72% 6.74% 10.83%

Drivers of NAF's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 150.4bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 33.9bn
Finance costs ↑ 25.4bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 52.3bn
Other profit ↑ 13.1bn
Finance costs ↑ 9.1bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 11.8% = 8.0% × 0.67 × 2.21
2026Q1 21.1% = 8.9% × 0.86 × 2.75

ROE rose from 11.8% to 21.1% — all three components improved, with leverage contributing the most.

Net margin: 8.9% +0.9pp Asset turnover: 0.86x +0.19x Leverage: 2.75x +0.54x

Is the profit sustainable?

Accounting profit is positive but operating cash flow has not caught up — needs more time to confirm.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin edged up to 8.93%, rising 0.9pp. Core operating signals are improving as SG&A / Revenue fell 2.6pp are enough to offset pressure from Gross margin fell 1.0pp (with lingering pressure from Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.7pp and Other profit / Revenue fell 0.2pp).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 8.93% +0.9pp
Gross Margin 24.12% −1.0pp
SG&A / Revenue 11.48% −2.6pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital is being used more efficiently — ROIC rose and cash cycle shortened to 99.4 days.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 8.42%, rising 2.7pp. That translates to 8.42 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin rose 1.1pp and capital turnover rose 0.22x, while invested capital rose by 277bn — capital-return quality improved from both sides.

Both margin and turnover contributed — the improvement has a dual foundation and is more durable than a single-pillar expansion.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 8.42% +2.7pp
NOPAT Margin 8.44% +1.1pp
Capital Turnover 1.00x +0.22x
Average Invested Capital 2,170.0bn +277.2bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC is improving — the asset structure below shows how capital is being allocated. Leverage is elevated, requiring monitoring — liabilities at 1.96x equity, net debt at 1.83x equity.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 265.6bn of cash, mainly because of higher receivables and higher inventories. Part of that drag was offset by higher payables.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −281.8bn
Inventories increased → lower CFO: −32.7bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +49.0bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 56.1 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 34.2 days, DSO fell 20.6 days, and DPO rose 1.4 days.

All 3 drivers (collection, inventory, payables) are improving — working capital turnover is strengthening across the board.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 99.4 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 75.0 days −20.6 days
Inventory 51.9 days −34.2 days
Payables 27.5 days +1.4 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 99.4 days −56.1 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 1.83x and interest coverage only at 2.19x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 52.7% of total debt, cash equals 5.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 1,611.3bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 1.83x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Cash buffer is thin relative to debt

Cash / debt stands at 5.0%, leaving limited liquidity buffer to monitor.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 1.83x +0.85x
Interest Coverage 2.19x +0.35x
Cash / Debt 5.0% +0.3pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 52.7% −31.7pp
CFO / NI -0.15x −0.66x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Leverage needs watching — cash flow below shows the ability to service debt from operations. Operating cash flow reached 89.6bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -198.0bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +108.4bn. Financing cash flow was positive +108.8bn.

CFO / net income was -0.15x.

After spending +278.4bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −307.8bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 29.4bn −89.8bn
Cash Capex 278.4bn +163.2bn
FCF TTM −307.8bn −253.1bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is earnings conversion is confirmed, with CFO/NI at -0.15x. The main risk still sits in leverage and liquidity, with interest coverage at 2.19x.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at -0.15x.

Key risk: leverage and liquidity remain a pressure point, with net debt / equity at 1.83x and a thin cash buffer.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
2,063.7 1,437.0 1,733.3 1,766.5 1,616.5
Cost of Goods Sold
1,594.7 1,031.4 1,263.6 1,390.7 0.0
Gross Profit
469.0 405.6 469.7 375.9 296.7
Financial Expenses
85.6 68.2 75.6 49.0 -42.7
Selling Expenses
116.1 122.8 135.2 190.4 -148.1
General and Administrative Expenses
129.2 121.6 170.2 66.0 -35.7
Operating Profit
174.1 129.0 123.5 98.4 95.4
Profit Before Tax
173.3 140.1 132.4 92.9 94.8
Net Income
145.6 116.4 109.9 79.8 82.4
Profit Attributable to Parent
145.3 116.2 109.7 79.7 82.3
Earnings per Share
2,566.00 2,089.00 2,170.00 1,576.00 1,370.00

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