VSN

Việt Nam Kỹ nghệ Súc sản ·UPCOM ·2026Q1

▼▼ Declining sharply

Self-funded cash generation remains weak CFO/NPAT −158 bn, −130 bn YoY
Price
13,500
Latest close
01 Jun 2026
P/E 14.59x
P/B 0.85x
EPS 925
BVPS 15,956
ROE 6.6%
ROA 4.4%
Profit Margin 2.9%
Asset Turnover 1.48x
Equity Mult. 1.51x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, VSN is declining across multiple metrics versus the same period, suggesting current pressure is not coming from just one side — margins have been compressing consistently over multiple periods. More notably, operating cash flow is significantly negative relative to profit — this is pressure that needs close monitoring.

TTM REVENUE
VND 2,910bn
−5.5%YoY
NET MARGIN
2.94%
−0.5ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 86bn
−20.2%YoY
CFO / Net Income
-1.27x
negative cash flow vs profit
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23 Q1'23
Revenue 748.4 772.8 728.8 660.2 759.7 763.0 720.9 837.3 806.6 823.1 809.1 895.4
Growth -3% +6% +10% -13% -0% +6% -14% +4% -2% +2% -10%
Net Income 22.0 28.3 20.2 15.0 18.6 33.1 26.7 28.9 19.0 25.0 28.0 34.8
Net Margin 2.94% 3.66% 2.78% 2.28% 2.44% 4.34% 3.70% 3.45% 2.35% 3.04% 3.46% 3.89%

Drivers of VSN's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent declined vs last year, mainly due to lower gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Selling expenses ↓ 29.8bn
Deferred tax ↓ 13.1bn
Financial income ↑ 7.9bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 3.4bn
Gross profit ↓ 68.6bn
Tax ↑ 8.7bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 7.4bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 2.3bn
Finance costs ↓ 0.8bn
Financial income ↑ 0.8bn
Selling expenses ↑ 6.6bn
Tax ↑ 1.8bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 8.3% = 3.5% × 1.47 × 1.62
2026Q1 6.6% = 2.9% × 1.48 × 1.51

ROE fell from 8.3% to 6.6% — leverage weakened the most, though asset turnover still provided support.

Net margin: 2.9% -0.5pp Asset turnover: 1.48x +0.02x Leverage: 1.51x -0.11x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins narrowed but earnings quality remains clean — pressure is mainly operational.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin narrowed to 2.94%, falling 0.5pp. The main pressure comes from Gross margin fell 0.9pp and SG&A / Revenue rose 0.1pp (with additional support from Net financial result / Revenue rose 0.3pp and Other profit / Revenue rose 0.1pp).

The pressure comes from core operations — this is a concerning type of decline, not a one-off movement.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 2.94% −0.5pp
Gross Margin 23.11% −0.9pp
SG&A / Revenue 20.46% +0.1pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency is declining — check whether the drag is from margins or turnover.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC fell to 7.73%, losing 4.1pp. That translates to 7.73 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin narrowed 0.6pp and capital turnover fell 0.73x, while invested capital expanded strongly by 180bn — pressure came from both operational efficiency and asset efficiency.

Both margin and turnover weakened — this is a broad-based decline, and cyclical versus structural components need to be separated.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 7.73% −4.1pp
NOPAT Margin 2.87% −0.6pp
Capital Turnover 2.69x −0.73x
Average Invested Capital 1,080.7bn +180.3bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC declined — the balance sheet shows how capital is being deployed. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 0.45x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.08x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 457.9bn, roughly 24.8% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 0.0bn of cash.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Inventories were broadly stable → neutral CFO:
Payables were broadly stable → neutral CFO:

Working Capital Efficiency

Cash conversion cycle improved by 0.4 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 5.1 days, DSO fell 0.0 days, and DPO fell 4.7 days.

Working capital cycle is flat — components are offsetting each other.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 17.5 days −0.0 days
Inventory 61.3 days −5.1 days
Payables 33.6 days −4.7 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 45.2 days −0.4 days

Is financial risk significant?

Leverage is safe but FCF is negative at 158.0bn due to capex of 49.1bn — an investment choice, not an urgent risk.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at -0.08x and interest coverage at 5.81x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 95.1% of total debt, cash equals 141.7% of debt, and total debt stands at 255.1bn.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 95.1% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -0.08x +0.17x
Interest Coverage 5.81x −1.59x
Cash / Debt 141.7% −63.8pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 95.1% −3.1pp
CFO / NI -1.27x −1.06x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -167.6bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -155.3bn.

Post-investment cash flow was negative +322.9bn. Financing cash flow was negative +167.1bn.

CFO / net income was -1.27x.

After spending +49.1bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of −158.0bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 108.9bn −86.6bn
Cash Capex 49.1bn +43.0bn
FCF TTM −158.0bn −129.6bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. The brighter spot is balance-sheet flexibility, with net cash/equity at about -0.08x. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 27.3%. The main risk still sits in self-funded cash generation remains weak.

Improvement: the balance sheet remains flexible, with a net cash position equivalent to 0.08x of equity.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 27.3% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at -1.27x.

Key risk: self-funded cash generation remains weak, with trailing-12M FCF still at 158.0bn.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
2,921.6 3,137.3 3,334.2 3,833.5 4,292.8
Cost of Goods Sold
2,256.5 2,390.7 2,545.3 2,919.5 0.0
Gross Profit
665.1 746.5 788.9 914.0 995.6
Financial Expenses
19.2 18.7 14.5 21.4 -23.2
Selling Expenses
438.2 489.2 517.6 605.4 -619.6
General and Administrative Expenses
152.9 139.4 168.4 156.1 -200.6
Operating Profit
102.2 139.9 132.0 166.8 181.0
Profit Before Tax
105.1 141.5 138.6 173.5 186.0
Net Income
82.1 111.1 106.8 137.5 148.2
Profit Attributable to Parent
82.1 111.1 106.8 137.5 148.2
Earnings per Share
359.00 635.00 615.00 952.00 558.00

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