C32

Đầu tư và Xây dựng 3-2 ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Operating efficiency is improving Net margin 8.38%, +5.17pp YoY
Price
12,900
Latest close
02 Jun 2026
P/E 3.75x
P/B 0.67x
EPS 3,442
BVPS 19,261
ROE 8.5%
ROA 6.1%
Profit Margin 8.4%
Asset Turnover 0.73x
Equity Mult. 1.39x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, C32 has not accelerated revenue sharply, but profitability is improving visibly — earnings have been recovering gradually over multiple periods. Profit growth is driven mainly by better operations rather than scale expansion — a foundation that tends to be more durable.

TTM REVENUE
VND 571bn
+6.2%YoY
NET MARGIN
8.38%
+5.2ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 48bn
+177.3%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 98.9 220.0 124.2 128.1 74.6 150.7 121.7 190.8 163.6 142.7 131.3 123.3
Growth -55% +77% -3% +72% -51% +24% -36% +17% +15% +9% +6%
Net Income 10.1 31.1 13.1 -6.4 1.5 5.4 3.9 6.4 -4.1 -5.0 2.9 2.0
Net Margin 10.24% 14.13% 10.55% -5.01% 2.06% 3.58% 3.21% 3.37% -2.49% -3.52% 2.23% 1.63%

Drivers of C32's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 17.1bn
Associates income ↑ 13.2bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 10.8bn
Financial income ↑ 10.5bn
Other profit ↓ 17.0bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher associates income. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Associates income ↑ 8.3bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 2.0bn
Selling expenses ↓ 1.4bn
Gross profit ↑ 1.2bn
Other profit ↓ 2.2bn
Finance costs ↑ 2.1bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 3.2% = 3.2% × 0.66 × 1.51
2026Q1 8.5% = 8.4% × 0.73 × 1.39

ROE rose from 3.2% to 8.5% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 8.4% +5.2pp Asset turnover: 0.73x +0.07x Leverage: 1.39x -0.12x

Is the profit sustainable?

Start with profitability and earnings quality.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin expanded to 8.38%, rising 5.2pp. The main driver is Gross margin rose 2.3pp and SG&A / Revenue fell 2.0pp, moving in line with the stronger net margin (in addition, Net financial result / Revenue rose 1.7pp added support while Other profit / Revenue fell 3.0pp remained a drag).

The improvement comes from core operations — this is a high-quality margin expansion.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 8.38% +5.2pp
Gross Margin 13.78% +2.3pp
SG&A / Revenue 7.69% −2.0pp
Non-core / Revenue -1.22% −1.3pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Watchpoints

Contribution from other income

Profit includes a contribution from other income (34.8% of PBT), not dominant but worth monitoring across periods.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital efficiency should be read in industry context — ROIC may fluctuate with business specifics.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

Track how much operating profit the business generates on invested capital.

Industry characteristics make ROIC cyclical — this is a reference signal and should be read with the business context.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC
NOPAT Margin
Capital Turnover 0.83x +0.08x
Average Invested Capital 684.4bn −27.6bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC above should be read with industry context — the balance sheet below adds perspective. Capital structure is conservative with low leverage — liabilities at 0.47x equity, net debt at 0.22x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 111.6bn, roughly 13.3% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital absorbed 30.0bn of cash, mainly because of lower payables. Part of that drag was offset by lower receivables and lower inventories.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +1.5bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +3.0bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −34.4bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 31.3 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 2.6 days, DSO fell 35.8 days, and DPO fell 1.9 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster receivables collection — reflects the quality of receivables management.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 138.6 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Inventory turnover is slowing

DIO increased by +2.6 days, suggesting more capital is being tied up in inventories.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 50.0 days −35.8 days
Inventory 97.7 days +2.6 days
Payables 9.1 days −1.9 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 138.6 days −31.3 days

Is financial risk significant?

Financial risk is low — leverage is safe, both CFO and FCF are positive.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage looks fairly comfortable, with net debt / equity at 0.22x and interest coverage at 4.78x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 27.0% of debt, and total debt stands at 173.1bn.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 0.22x +0.00x
Interest Coverage 4.78x +3.72x
Cash / Debt 27.0% +3.8pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% 0.0pp
CFO / NI 0.12x −6.01x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

With safe leverage noted above, cash flow below shows the self-funding capacity. Operating cash flow reached 19.5bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of -11.3bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +8.2bn. Financing cash flow was positive +26.5bn.

CFO / net income was 0.12x.

After spending +3.4bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +2.3bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 5.7bn −100.2bn
Cash Capex 3.4bn −4.8bn
FCF TTM +2.3bn −95.4bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is heading the right way, but the current picture is still at partial confirmation — not yet a fully clean case. The positive points have clearly improved, showing the operating base is better than before. The brighter spot is operating efficiency, with net margin improving 5.2 pp. The next item to monitor is the earnings mix, when non-core contribution is 10.2%. The main risk still sits in working capital is tied up too long in the operating cycle, with CCC extended to 139 days.

Improvement: operating efficiency is getting better, with trailing-12M net margin at 8.38% after expanding 5.2pp versus the same period last year.

Watchpoint: the earnings mix still needs monitoring, with net financial result still accounting for 10.2% of PBT and CFO / net income currently at 0.12x.

Key risk: working capital remains tied up for too long, with cash cycle at 138.6 days.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
546.8 626.8 494.1 571.8 515.9
Cost of Goods Sold
469.3 568.8 446.7 510.0 0.0
Gross Profit
77.5 58.0 47.4 61.7 65.7
Financial Expenses
23.9 12.5 14.8 21.6 -13.4
Selling Expenses
32.8 27.3 27.8 22.1 -24.8
General and Administrative Expenses
13.8 21.7 40.7 17.4 -21.9
Operating Profit
36.0 5.8 -28.2 16.5 76.4
Profit Before Tax
26.3 8.2 -27.0 23.8 84.1
Net Income
26.3 8.1 -27.0 20.5 71.1
Profit Attributable to Parent
26.3 8.1 -27.0 20.5 71.1
Earnings per Share
1,745.00 541.00 -1,795.00 1,298.00 4,638.00

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