L10

Lilama 10 ·HOSE ·2026Q1

▲▲ Improving positively

Earnings conversion is confirmed CFO/NPAT 5.32x
Price
24,650
Latest close
01 Jun 2026
P/E 6.10x
P/B 0.79x
EPS 4,044
BVPS 31,237
ROE 13.3%
ROA 3.1%
Profit Margin 2.7%
Asset Turnover 1.15x
Equity Mult. 4.26x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2026Q1 basis, L10 is improving on both growth and profitability, painting a notably more positive picture versus the same period — profit is at an all-time high. When both scale and efficiency improve together, this is typically a sign of quality growth.

TTM REVENUE
VND 1,462bn
+16.9%YoY
NET MARGIN
2.71%
+0.4ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
VND 40bn
+35.1%YoY
Metric Q1'26 Q4'25 Q3'25 Q2'25 Q1'25 Q4'24 Q3'24 Q2'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23
Revenue 414.9 281.4 419.7 346.4 390.6 290.4 270.1 299.4 213.3 247.1 168.7 380.2
Growth +47% -33% +21% -11% +35% +7% -10% +40% -14% +46% -56%
Net Income 6.2 13.7 12.6 7.1 5.0 8.7 2.4 13.2 3.2 13.6 2.6 5.9
Net Margin 1.51% 4.86% 2.99% 2.05% 1.28% 3.01% 0.89% 4.41% 1.52% 5.49% 1.53% 1.56%

Drivers of L10's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 37.2bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 9.8bn
Tax ↑ 7.5bn
Financial income ↓ 4.7bn
Finance costs ↑ 4.6bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 3.8bn
Other profit ↑ 0.6bn
Administrative expenses ↑ 1.7bn
Financial income ↓ 0.9bn
Tax ↑ 0.3bn
Finance costs ↑ 0.2bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2025Q1 10.5% = 2.3% × 1.02 × 4.38
2026Q1 13.3% = 2.7% × 1.15 × 4.26

ROE rose from 10.5% to 13.3% — mainly driven by asset turnover, despite leverage moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: 2.7% +0.4pp Asset turnover: 1.15x +0.13x Leverage: 4.26x -0.12x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are improving and earnings quality is solid — a durable foundation for ROE.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin edged up to 2.71%, rising 0.4pp. Core operating signals are improving as Gross margin rose 1.9pp are enough to offset pressure from SG&A / Revenue rose 0.3pp (with lingering pressure from Net financial result / Revenue fell 0.7pp and Other profit / Revenue fell 0.0pp).

Margin improves from both core operations and non-core items — the core foundation is positive, but the sustainability of non-core contributions needs monitoring.

Profitability trend

Net Margin 2.71% +0.4pp
Gross Margin 6.35% +1.9pp
SG&A / Revenue 2.77% +0.3pp

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Is capital being used efficiently?

Capital is being used more efficiently — ROIC rose and cash cycle shortened to 123.8 days.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to 39.89%, rising 11.0pp. That translates to 39.89 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. Both NOPAT margin rose 0.4pp and capital turnover rose 2.07x, with invested capital holding roughly steady — capital-return quality improved from both sides.

Both margin and turnover contributed — the improvement has a dual foundation and is more durable than a single-pillar expansion.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

ROIC 39.89% +11.0pp
NOPAT Margin 2.58% +0.4pp
Capital Turnover 15.44x +2.07x
Average Invested Capital 94.7bn +1.2bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC is improving — the asset structure below shows how capital is being allocated. Balance sheet is exceptionally sound — liabilities at 3.29x equity, with a net cash position equivalent to 1.03x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 311.5bn, roughly 24.0% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 101.3bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower inventories and higher payables. Pressure from higher receivables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables increased → lower CFO: −39.0bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +40.9bn
Payables increased → higher CFO: +99.5bn

Working Capital Efficiency

Working capital is being managed more efficiently, supporting overall capital efficiency. Cash conversion cycle improved by 4.5 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO fell 14.0 days, DSO fell 4.0 days, and DPO fell 13.6 days.

Improvement comes mainly from faster inventory turnover — watch whether this trend persists in coming periods.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 123.8 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Receivables 99.2 days −4.0 days
Inventory 61.3 days −14.0 days
Payables 36.6 days −13.6 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 123.8 days −4.5 days

Is financial risk significant?

Check leverage, liquidity, and cash-flow conversion.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage is balanced for now, with net debt / equity at -1.03x and interest coverage at 3.41x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 99.8% of total debt, cash equals 256.8% of debt, and total debt stands at 203.6bn.

Watchpoints

Short-term refinancing pressure is meaningful

Short-term debt accounts for 99.8% of total debt, raising near-term refinancing needs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity -1.03x −0.73x
Interest Coverage 3.41x +0.25x
Cash / Debt 256.8% +121.1pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 99.8% +0.7pp
CFO / NI 5.32x +12.07x

TTM YoY · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

Cash Flow

Operating cash flow reached -25.2bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 33.8bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +8.6bn. Financing cash flow was positive +51.2bn.

CFO / net income was 5.32x.

After spending +7.9bn on fixed-asset investment, the business generated trailing free cash flow of +202.8bn.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2025Q1 -> 2026Q1

CFO TTM 210.7bn +408.6bn
Cash Capex 7.9bn −3.7bn
FCF TTM +202.8bn +412.2bn

Investment Takeaway

The business is entering a broader improvement phase — not just stronger earnings but better operating quality as well. Margin, ROIC, and cash flow all improving shows the business is growing in a cleaner and more efficient way than before. Notably, the improvement trend has been confirmed across multiple cycles, from margin to capital efficiency and cash generation. The residual risk still sits in working capital is tied up too long in the operating cycle, with CCC extended to 124 days.

Improvement: earnings conversion looks more confirmed, with CFO / net income at 5.32x.

Key risk: working capital remains tied up for too long, with cash cycle at 123.8 days.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
1,438.2 1,073.2 1,048.1 1,035.9 1,071.9
Cost of Goods Sold
1,349.2 1,021.9 1,006.0 998.0 0.0
Gross Profit
89.0 51.3 42.1 37.9 33.5
Financial Expenses
14.2 8.9 8.4 7.7 -14.1
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
38.7 28.3 21.6 19.5 -9.3
Operating Profit
48.2 31.0 27.8 18.5 10.5
Profit Before Tax
50.0 31.5 30.0 19.7 19.8
Net Income
37.7 27.6 25.9 16.8 14.7
Profit Attributable to Parent
37.7 27.6 25.9 16.8 14.7
Earnings per Share
3,848.00 2,816.00 2,646.00 1,721.00 1,497.00

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