L43

Lilama 45.3 ·UPCOM ·2024Q3

▼▼ Declining sharply

Margins remain under pressure Net margin −84.80%, −35.22pp YoY
Price
2,300
Latest close
03 Jun 2026
P/E -1.35x
P/B 0.61x
EPS -1,705
BVPS 3,791
ROE -35.1%
ROA -1.6%
Profit Margin -84.8%
Asset Turnover 0.02x
Equity Mult. 21.34x

TTM · Applied to: EPS, ROE, ROA, Net Margin, Asset Turnover, Debt/Equity

What Is Changing

On a TTM 2024Q3 basis, L43 is under pressure on both revenue and margins simultaneously — profit is at an all-time high. More notably, most of the profit comes from non-core sources — this needs careful evaluation before concluding on growth quality.

TTM REVENUE
VND 7bn
−75.7%YoY
NET MARGIN
−84.80%
−35.2ppYoY
TTM NET PROFIT
−VND 6bn
+58.4%YoY
Net financial result / PBT
79.7%
affects earnings quality
Metric Q3'24 Q1'24 Q4'23 Q3'23 Q2'23 Q1'23 Q4'22 Q3'22 Q2'22 Q1'22 Q4'21 Q3'21
Revenue 4.9 1.4 0.7 0.0 2.2 0.8 25.6 0.4 2.2 8.8 3.3 9.2
Growth +240% +110% -100% +162% -97% +6950% -84% -74% +163% -64%
Net Income -2.4 -0.4 -2.4 -0.8 -4.7 -5.3 -3.9 -0.4 -4.4 -0.1 -7.3 -2.6
Net Margin -48.29% -29.09% -351.84% -215.83% -641.64% -15.38% -119.09% -197.26% -1.13% -219.66% -28.22%

Drivers of L43's profit

TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs last year, mainly helped by lower finance costs. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Finance costs ↓ 8.6bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 3.7bn
Other profit ↑ 1.8bn
Gross profit ↑ 1.0bn
Financial income ↓ 6.7bn
TTM

Net profit attributable to parent increased vs prior quarter, mainly helped by higher gross profit. Supporting and offsetting drivers:

Gross profit ↑ 1.5bn
Administrative expenses ↓ 0.5bn

Financial Highlights

Detailed analysis of each financial dimension

ROE = Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier

2023Q3 -53.8% = -51.4% × 0.08 × 13.58
2024Q3 -35.1% = -84.8% × 0.02 × 21.34

ROE rose from -53.8% to -35.1% — mainly driven by leverage, despite net margin and asset turnover moving in the opposite direction.

Net margin: -84.8% -33.4pp Asset turnover: 0.02x -0.06x Leverage: 21.34x +7.76x

Is the profit sustainable?

Margins are under pressure while earnings still rely significantly on non-core sources.

very positive positive stable watch under pressure

What is driving the margin?

Net margin fell to -84.80%, losing 35.2pp. The main pressure is SG&A / Revenue rose 32.6pp, outweighing the improvement in Gross margin rose 19.2pp (in addition, Other profit / Revenue rose 22.8pp added support while Net financial result / Revenue fell 44.6pp remained a drag).

Margin is under pressure from multiple sides — temporary and structural components need to be separated to properly assess the risk.

Profitability trend

Net Margin -84.80% −35.2pp
Gross Margin 20.97% +19.2pp
SG&A / Revenue 60.13% +32.6pp
Non-core / Revenue -45.64% −21.8pp

TTM YoY · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

Watchpoints

Financial result share remains high

Even though contribution decreased by 21.8pp, financial result still accounts for 105.6% of PBT — earnings durability should be monitored in coming periods.

Is capital being used efficiently?

Return on capital rose, but cash cycle lengthened by 10092.3 days — working capital needs watching.

Is capital being deployed efficiently?

ROIC expanded to -6.28%, rising 4.1pp. That translates to -6.28 in after-tax operating profit for every 100 units of operating capital. The main driver is capital turnover fell 0.15x — the business is generating more revenue per unit of capital, with NOPAT margin narrowed 58.1pp; with invested capital holding roughly steady.

Capital turnover improved — a positive signal on asset efficiency, but with ROIC still low, NOPAT margin also needs to lift in coming periods to produce meaningful returns.

Watchpoints

ROIC remains low

ROIC is currently -6.28% — below the typical cost-of-capital threshold; worth tracking whether upcoming periods can rise above this level.

CAPITAL EFFICIENCY TREND

TTM YoY · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

ROIC -6.28% +4.1pp
NOPAT Margin -106.74% −58.1pp
Capital Turnover 0.06x −0.15x
Average Invested Capital 119.6bn −15.8bn

Balance Sheet

ROIC is improving — the asset structure below shows how capital is being allocated. Leverage is very high, with clear pressure on the capital structure — liabilities at 61.35x equity, net debt at 7.77x equity.

Inventory ended the period at 156.0bn, roughly 48.1% of total assets.

Over the last 12 months, working capital released 0.7bn of cash, mainly thanks to lower receivables and lower inventories. Pressure from lower payables only partly offset that benefit.

Working Capital Drivers

TTM YoY · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

Receivables decreased → higher CFO: +25.4bn
Inventories decreased → higher CFO: +6.9bn
Payables decreased → lower CFO: −31.6bn

Working Capital Efficiency

The inventory build-up noted above is reflected in a longer cash cycle. Cash conversion cycle lengthened by 10092.3 days versus the same period last year. The main moves came from DIO rose 8766.3 days, DSO rose 6461.0 days, and DPO rose 5135.1 days.

Working capital cycle lengthened mainly due to slower inventory turnover — more capital is being tied up in inventory.

Watchpoints

Cash conversion cycle remains stretched

CCC stands at 13108.9 days, suggesting that working capital remains tied up for a relatively long operating cycle.

Receivables collection is slowing

DSO increased by +6461.0 days, pointing to slower receivables turnover.

Working Capital Efficiency

TTM YoY · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

Receivables 8631.6 days +6461.0 days
Inventory 10821.9 days +8766.3 days
Payables 6344.6 days +5135.1 days
Cash Conversion Cycle 13108.9 days +10092.3 days

Is financial risk significant?

High leverage combined with negative operating cash flow — this area needs close monitoring.

Leverage & Liquidity

Leverage warrants monitoring, with net debt / equity at 7.77x and interest coverage only at -1.55x.

At present, short-term debt accounts for 100.0% of total debt, cash equals 0.4% of debt, and total debt stands at 103.6bn.

Watchpoints

Net leverage is elevated

Net debt / equity stands at 7.77x, increasing balance-sheet pressure.

Interest coverage is thin

Interest coverage is -1.55x, leaving limited room to absorb financing costs.

Leverage and liquidity trend

Net Debt / Equity 7.77x +2.85x
Interest Coverage -1.55x −0.50x
Cash / Debt 0.4% −0.7pp
Short-term Debt / Total Debt 100.0% 0.0pp
CFO / NI 1.82x +2.48x

TTM YoY · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

Cash Flow

High leverage combined with cash flow below reveals the actual liquidity pressure. Operating cash flow reached -6.4bn in 2025, against investing cash flow of 18.0bn.

Post-investment cash flow was positive +11.6bn. Financing cash flow was negative +3.8bn.

CFO / net income was 1.82x.

Track how much investment can be funded internally from operating cash flow.

Cash capex or FCF data is incomplete, so the cash-conversion view is only partial.

Cash Conversion

TTM Cash Conversion · 2023Q2 -> 2024Q3

CFO TTM 10.8bn −20.4bn
Cash Capex
FCF TTM

Investment Takeaway

The business is showing a few weaker signals, but the current magnitude is not yet clear enough to conclude that this is a broader weakening phase. Even so, earnings quality still needs closer monitoring because net financial result remains elevated. The main risk still sits in core profitability, with net margin down 35.2 pp.

Watchpoint: cash flow is currently keeping pace with accounting earnings, with CFO / net income at 1.82x. Even so, net financial result still accounts for 79.7% of PBT, so the earnings mix still needs monitoring.

Key risk: profitability remains under pressure, with trailing-12M net margin at -84.80% after a 35.2pp decline versus the same period last year.

Statement Data

Item 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021
Net Revenue
7.3 11.7 3.7 37.0 37.7
Cost of Goods Sold
15.4 10.0 4.1 33.6 0.0
Gross Profit
-8.2 1.7 -0.4 3.4 9.9
Financial Expenses
4.0 4.8 8.0 13.0 -14.4
Selling Expenses
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
General and Administrative Expenses
4.8 4.8 5.5 5.9 -5.5
Operating Profit
-16.9 -7.8 -13.8 -8.8 -9.9
Profit Before Tax
-5.4 -7.0 -13.2 -8.9 -9.9
Net Income
-5.4 -7.0 -13.2 -8.9 -9.9
Profit Attributable to Parent
-5.4 -7.0 -13.2 -8.9 -9.9
Earnings per Share
-1,543.00 -1,990.00 -3,761.00 -2,544.00 -2,838.00

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